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![acyclic]] and the cyclic ([[hemiketal]]) isomers of fructose](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Isomeric forms of fructose.svg?width=200 "acyclic]] and the cyclic ([[hemiketal]]) isomers of fructose")
![[[Central Philippine University]] in the [[Iloilo City]] was founded by the American Baptist missionaries through the benevolence as a legacy university of John D. Rockefeller in 1905. It is the first Baptist and second American university in Asia.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Central Philippine University Church.JPG?width=200 "[[Central Philippine University]] in the [[Iloilo City]] was founded by the American Baptist missionaries through the benevolence as a legacy university of John D. Rockefeller in 1905. It is the first Baptist and second American university in Asia.")
![1914}}. By then, his moustache had fallen off due to [[alopecia]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John D. Rockefeller, Sr.jpg?width=200 "1914}}. By then, his moustache had fallen off due to [[alopecia]].")
![[[Kykuit]] in Westchester County, New York, where Rockefeller spent his retirement. It has been home to four generations of the Rockefeller family.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kykuit, Tarrytown, NY - front facade.JPG?width=200 "[[Kykuit]] in Westchester County, New York, where Rockefeller spent his retirement. It has been home to four generations of the Rockefeller family.")
![Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in [[New York City]], c. 1912](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PSM V80 D416 Rockefeller institute for medical research.png?width=200 "Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in [[New York City]], c. 1912")
![Portrait of John D Rockefeller by [[Eastman Johnson]], 1895](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait of John D Rockefeller by Eastman Johnson, 1895.jpg?width=200 "Portrait of John D Rockefeller by [[Eastman Johnson]], 1895")
![''Puck magazine'' cartoon: "The Infant Hercules and the Standard Oil serpents", May 23, 1906, issue; depicting U.S. president [[Theodore Roosevelt]] grabbing the head of [[Nelson W. Aldrich]] and the snake-like body of John D. Rockefeller](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PuckCartoon-TeddyRoosevelt-05-23-1906.jpg?width=200 "''Puck magazine'' cartoon: \"The Infant Hercules and the Standard Oil serpents\", May 23, 1906, issue; depicting U.S. president [[Theodore Roosevelt]] grabbing the head of [[Nelson W. Aldrich]] and the snake-like body of John D. Rockefeller")
.jpg?width=200 "Rockefeller in 1922")
.jpg?width=200 "Rockefeller playing golf, 1932")
![John Jr.]], 1915](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rockefellers.png?width=200 "John Jr.]], 1915")
![McKinley's presidential campaign]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William McKinley Campagne.jpg?width=200 "McKinley's presidential campaign]].")
![Photograph of Lawrence by [[Lady Ottoline Morrell]], 29 November 1915](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/D.H. Lawrence, 29 November 1915.jpg?width=200 "Photograph of Lawrence by [[Lady Ottoline Morrell]], 29 November 1915")
![[[D. H. Lawrence Birthplace Museum]] in [[Eastwood, Nottinghamshire]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DH Lawrence birthplace museum - geograph-1814503.jpg?width=200 "[[D. H. Lawrence Birthplace Museum]] in [[Eastwood, Nottinghamshire]]")
Википедия
In computer science, an LL parser (Left-to-right, leftmost derivation) is a top-down parser for a restricted context-free language. It parses the input from Left to right, performing Leftmost derivation of the sentence.
An LL parser is called an LL(k) parser if it uses k tokens of lookahead when parsing a sentence. A grammar is called an LL(k) grammar if an LL(k) parser can be constructed from it. A formal language is called an LL(k) language if it has an LL(k) grammar. The set of LL(k) languages is properly contained in that of LL(k+1) languages, for each k ≥ 0. A corollary of this is that not all context-free languages can be recognized by an LL(k) parser.
An LL parser is called LL-regular (LLR) if it parses an LL-regular language. The class of LLR grammars contains every LL(k) grammar for every k. For every LLR grammar there exists an LLR parser that parses the grammar in linear time.
Two nomenclative outlier parser types are LL(*) and LL(finite). A parser is called LL(*)/LL(finite) if it uses the LL(*)/LL(finite) parsing strategy. LL(*) and LL(finite) parsers are functionally more closely resemblant to PEG parsers. An LL(finite) parser can parse an arbitrary LL(k) grammar optimally in the amount of lookahead and lookahead comparisons. The class of grammars parsable by the LL(*) strategy encompasses some context-sensitive languages due to the use of syntactic and semantic predicates and has not been identified. It has been suggested that LL(*) parsers are better thought of as TDPL parsers. Against the popular misconception, LL(*) parsers are not LLR in general, and are guaranteed by construction to perform worse on average (super-linear against linear time) and far worse in the worst-case (exponential against linear time).
LL grammars, particularly LL(1) grammars, are of great practical interest, as parsers for these grammars are easy to construct, and many computer languages are designed to be LL(1) for this reason. LL parsers may be table-based, i.e. similar to LR parsers, but LL grammars can also be parsed by recursive descent parsers. According to Waite and Goos (1984), LL(k) grammars were introduced by Stearns and Lewis (1969).
